Atomizing burner



Oct. 3, 1944. a 2m 2,359,722

ATOMIZING BURNER Filed Nov; 16, 1942 INVENT OR John 3. ZinK ATTORNEYPatentecl Oct. 3, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ATOMIZING BURNER Johns. Zink, Tulsa, Okla.

Application November 16, 1942, Serial No. 465,805

4 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in liquid fuel burners for use infurnaces, and more particulary but not by way of limitation to a burnerutilizing liquid fuel with steam or air for use in furnaces for steelmills, refineries, power boilers or the like.

It is an important object of this invention to provide a burner adaptedfor use in any type of furnace for increasing the capacity thereof bycreating a homogenized mixture of liquid fuel and steam discharging fromthe burner.

And still another object of this invention is to provide a burneradapted for use in a furnace and providing a homogenized mixture of fueldischarging from the burner into the atmosphere in an evenly distributedminutely fine spray.

And still another object of this invention is to provide a burneradapted for use in a furnace and providing a homogenized fine mixture tobe burned by directing a stream of steam from a multiplicity ofapertures, arranged tangentially to an oil stream so as to discharge thesteam into the oil at an angle to the axis of the oil flow.

And still another object of this invention is to provide a burneradapted for use in a furnace and providing a two stage emulsification offluid and liquid fuel by creating an intermediate pressure drop betweenthe primary stage of introducing the fluid into the liquid fuel and thepoint of discharging the homogenized mixture into the atmosphere.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be evident from thefollowing detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawing which illustrates one form of the invention.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view with certain parts in elevationof the improved burner.

Fig. 2 is a view in broken elevation of the burner assembly.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a modified form of the burner nozzle.

Fig. 4 is a similar view of a further modifica tion.

Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view on line 55 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing in detail, particularly Figs. 1 and 2, theburner is adapted for use in any furnace utilizing liquid fuel and steamor air and is connected with an inlet steam line 2 and an inlet liquidfuel line 4. Inlet lines 2 and 4 are in communication with the burnerunit 6 comprising a housing 8 provided with an intermediate baflle orwall l0. One end portion of the housing is provided with threadedapertures l2 and I4 securing thereto, respectively, the inlet pipes 4and 2.- A vertical baflie I6 is formed between the inner periphery ofthe housing 8 and the baffle I0 and is provided with a threaded apertureI8 for receiving a cylindrical member or steam spud 20 extending fromthe bafile l6 through a threaded aperture'22 provided in the oppositeend portion of the housing or atomizer body 8. The bafile l0 and spud 20provides for two chambers 24 and 26 in the housing 8. Chamber 24 is incommunication with the spud 20, and chamber 26 is in commu nication withthe threaded aperture 22 which in turn receives a cylindrical housing30. The steam spud 20 extends longitudinally into the cylinder 30 and inspaced relation thereto. One end rpOI'tiOIl of the cylinder 20 isprovided with a plurality of staggered apertures 32 preferentiallydrilled in a tangential direction to the longitudinal axis of thecylinder 20.

A burner nozzle 34 is provided at one end of the cylinder 30 secured ina threaded bore 36 and in communication with a smaller threaded bore 38in which is secured a second longitudinally arranged cylinder or nipple40. The cylinder 40 is provided with a plurality of staggered apertures42. It will be apparent thatthe apertures 32 and 42 are arrangedopposite the closed ends of the cylinders 20 and 4B respectively. Thenozzle 34 is provided with a rounded v portion 44 having a plurality ofoutlet ports 46 for a purpose as will be hereinafter set forth.

Operation In operation steam or air is discharged from the inlet line 2into the chamber 24 and is directed into the cylinder 20, whilesimultaneously liquid fuel, such as oil or the like, flows through inletpipe 4 into the chamber 26 and is directed therefrom into chamber 48provided by the interior of cylinder 30. It will be un-- derstood thatboth the fluid and liquid fuel is discharging at a pressuresubstantially higher than atmospheric pressure.

The steam flows through the tangentially ar-,

ranged apertures 32 of the steam spud 20 so as to discharge into the oilstream at a substantial angle thereto. The tangential arrangement of theapertures 32 is always maintained in the same direction so as to imparta rotary motion to the flowing oil in chamber 48 thereby acceleratingthe mixture through an increased turbulence over that normally createdby fluid and liquid fuel simultaneously discharging co-axial- 1y througha burner. It will be apparent that the angular directing of the fluidstream into the.

liquid stream to create a turbulence causes a batching or primaryemulsification of the fluid and the liquid.

The elimination of co-axial mixture of fluid and liquid fuel has theeffect of eliminating impact pressure created in the burner tip therebypermitting less critical adjustment and a wider range of operation forthe burner. The apertures 32 are arranged in staggered positions inorder to prevent the escape of de-emulsified oil,

The primary emulsified mixture discharges from chamber 48 into a stageof secondary emulsification or homogenization to form minutely finesprays of fuel due to directing the batched or partial emulsifiedmixture of steam and oil from a zone of higher pressure in chamber 48through the plurality of apertures 42 so that the mixture will flow intoa zone of intermediate pressure in the interior of the cylinder ornipple '40. The mixing or batching action created by the partialpressure drop in addition to the extreme turbulence created by theplurality of small streams of partially emulsified steam and oil createsa homogeneous mixture dischargingfrom the nipple 40 into the burner tip44 and through the jets or apertures 46 in minutely fine sprays evenlydistributed into the atmosphere.

In Fig. 3 a modified form of burner nozzle is shown having alongitudinal orifice or jet 50 for changing the flame pattern. Fig. 4 issimilar but is provided with jets 52 and 54 to further modify the flamepattern created bythe homogenized mixture upon ignition in theatmosphere.

It will be apparent that the secondary emulsification of the fuel andliquid could be created by means other than the nipple 40 and theapertures 42, and it is to be specifically understood that thisinvention contemplates all means to effect this result.

Changes may be made in the combination and arrangement of parts asheretofore set forth in the specification and shown in the drawing, itbeing understood that any modification in the precise embodiment of theinvention may be made within the scope of the following claims withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

In the claims:

1. An atomizing burner including an outer tube and an inner tubearranged in spaced relation to provide a passageway between them, meansfor introducing a fiowable fuel into one end of one of said tubes, meansfor introducing steam into the corresponding end of the other tube, theopposite end of the inner tube being closed and the wall of the innertube near its closed end being circular in cross section and providedwith tangentially arranged perforations placing the interior of theinner tube in communication with said passageway, a burner tipsecured'to the other end of the outer tube, and -'a second inner tubesecured to the burner tip and extending into the outer tube, the innerend of the second inner tube being closed andconfront-ing the closed endof the first mentioned inner tube, and the second inner tube havingperforations in the wall thereof placing the interior of the secondinner tube in communication with the interior of the outer tube.

2. An atomizing burner including an outer tube and an inner tubearranged in spaced relation to provide a passageway between them, meansfor introducing a fiowable fuel into one end of one of said tubes, meansfor introducing steam into the corresponding end of the other tube, theopposite end of the inner tube being closed and the wall of the innertube near its closed end being provided with perforations placing theinterior of the inner tube in communication with said passageway, aburner tip secured to the other end of the outer tube, and a secondinner tube secured to the burner tip and extending into the outer tube,the inner end of the second inner tube being closed and the second innertube having perforations in the wall thereof for placing the interior ofthe second inner tube in communication with the interior of the outertube.

3. An atomizing burner including an outer tube and an inner tubearranged in spaced relation to provide a passageway between them, meansfor introducing a flowable fuel into one end of one of said tubes, meansfor introducing steam into the corresponding end of the other tube, theopposite end of the inner tube being closed and the wall of the innertube near its closed end being circular in cross section and providedwith tangentially arranged perforations placing the interior of theinner tube in communication with said passageway, a burner tip securedto the outer end of the outer tube, and means arranged in the outer tubebetween the closed end of the inner tube and the burner tip to create apressure drop within the last-mentioned means, the last mentioned meansincluding a second inner tube extending from the burner tip toward thefirst mentioned inner tube and having a closed inner end confronting andspaced from'the closed inner end of the first mentioned inner tube.

4. An atomizing burner including an outer tube and an inner tubearranged in spaced relation to provide a passageway between them, meansfor introducing-a fiowable fuel into one end of one of said tubes, meansfor introducing steam into the corresponding end of the other tube, theopposite end of'the inner tube being closed and the wall of the innertube near its closed end being circular in cross section and providedwith tangentially arranged perforations placing the interior of theinner tube in communication with said passageway, a burner tip securedto the outer end of the outer tube, and a second inner tube extendinginto the outer tube from the burner tip, the inner end of the secondinner tube being closed and the second inner tube having perforations inthe wall thereof adjacent its closed end for placing the interior of thesecond inner tube in communication With the interior'of the outer tube.

JOHN sjzIN'K.

